{"id":406,"date":"2012-07-06T12:29:25","date_gmt":"2012-07-06T10:29:25","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/lipinska.cz\/?p=406"},"modified":"2019-07-23T15:21:06","modified_gmt":"2019-07-23T13:21:06","slug":"headshaking-jako-stereotypni-chovani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"http:\/\/lipinska.cz\/?p=406","title":{"rendered":"Headshaking jako stereotypn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed"},"content":{"rendered":"

P\u0159esto\u017ee headshaking je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9m, velmi \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s psychikou. Veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed aspekty jsou obecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9, tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je proto zam\u011b\u0159en p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm etologicky a zejm\u00e9na se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 souvislost\u00ed HS a stereotypn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bnuje se i nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1sad\u00e1m je\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed kon\u011b headshakera.<\/p>\n

\"jol\"Kdy\u017e se objev\u00ed h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou, pochopiteln\u011b je pot\u0159eba hledat v prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu somatickou. P\u0159ekontrolovat v\u00fdstroj a kon\u011b pe\u010dliv\u011b prohl\u00e9dnout odborn\u00edkem a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u00e9 probl\u00e9my odstranit. Co kdy\u017e se ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 neobjev\u00ed nebo po odstran\u011bn\u00ed headshaking p\u0159etrv\u00e1v\u00e1? V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b je pot\u0159eba zv\u00e1\u017eit mo\u017enost, \u017ee veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00e9\u010de byla nedostate\u010dn\u00e1 a n\u011bco z\u016fstalo neobjeveno\/neodstran\u011bno. Mo\u017en\u00e1 potom podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed kon\u011b a veden\u00ed p\u0159esn\u00fdch z\u00e1znam\u016f napov\u00ed v\u00edce. P\u0159\u00ed\u010diny ale mohou b\u00fdt i psychick\u00e9ho r\u00e1zu.<\/p>\n

K\u016f\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee klepat hlavou, i kdy\u017e ho fyzicky nic nebol\u00ed. Ale ani v tom p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b to nen\u00ed \u201eschv\u00e1lnost“ nebo \u201enevychovanost“, n\u00fdbr\u017e psychick\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Du\u0161evn\u00ed bolest, kter\u00e1 m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt stejn\u011b nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 jako bolest fyzick\u00e1. Zejm\u00e9na kon\u011b labiln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, tedy s citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed nervovou soustavou, mohou n\u00e9st velice t\u011b\u017eko zd\u00e1nliv\u011b nepodstatn\u00e9 v\u011bci a doslova jimi trp\u011bt. Ve snaze naj\u00edt \u00falevu potom zkou\u0161ej\u00ed v\u0161emo\u017en\u00e9 v\u011bci, t\u0159ep\u00e1n\u00ed a h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou nevyj\u00edmaje.<\/p>\n

Je pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee i na po\u010d\u00e1tku idiopatick\u00e9ho headshakingu (tedy HS, jeho\u017e p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 nal\u00e9zt) st\u00e1l fyzick\u00fd probl\u00e9m – n\u011bkter\u00fd z t\u011bch, kter\u00e9 byly vyjmenov\u00e1ny v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm d\u00edle. Mohl trvat kr\u00e1tce a odej\u00edt bez pov\u0161imnut\u00ed (sv\u011bd\u00edc\u00ed \u0161t\u00edpanec od mouchy nebo vdechnut\u00ed pylu), ale d\u016fvod, pro\u010d chov\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159etrvalo, byl ji\u017e psychick\u00fd. Chov\u00e1n\u00ed, kter\u00e9 v jedn\u00e9 situaci pomohlo, k\u016f\u0148 zkou\u0161\u00ed i v jin\u00e9 dyskomfortn\u00ed situaci ve snaze naj\u00edt \u00falevu a postupn\u011b jej fixuje.<\/p>\n

Je headshaking stereotypn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm?<\/h4>\n

Mezi stereotypn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed (ob\u010das nespr\u00e1vn\u011b naz\u00fdvan\u00e9 \u201ezlozvyky“) pat\u0159\u00ed p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm klk\u00e1n\u00ed, tkalcov\u00e1n\u00ed, chozen\u00ed v boxu dokola ale nap\u0159. i to\u010den\u00ed jazykem nebo pohyby huby, prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00e9 pod sedlem. Nejsou tedy omezeny pouze na pobyt ve st\u00e1ji. Podle definice se jedn\u00e1 o \u201erelativn\u011b st\u00e1l\u00e9, nem\u011bnn\u00e9 s\u00e9rie pohyb\u016f, nemaj\u00edc\u00edch \u017e\u00e1dnou jasnou funkci“.[1] P\u0159esto\u017ee my \u017e\u00e1dnou funkci t\u011bchto pohyb\u016f nevid\u00edme, pro kon\u011b smysl maj\u00ed. Souvis\u00ed se stimulac\u00ed smysl\u016f. Psychologov\u00e9, zab\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed se stereotypn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm u lid\u00ed (p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm u poruch autistick\u00e9ho spektra), maj\u00ed v z\u00e1sad\u011b dv\u011b vysv\u011btlen\u00ed. Podle prvn\u00edho se jedinec sna\u017e\u00ed pohybem smysly stimulovat – v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee m\u00e1 organismus nedostatek podn\u011bt\u016f. Toto by se mohlo t\u00fdkat p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f tzv. st\u00e1jov\u00fdch zlozvyk\u016f, ale v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b headshakingu tomu tak nebude. Tam se v\u011bt\u0161inou symptomy p\u0159i zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edsunu podn\u011bt\u016f naopak zhor\u0161uj\u00ed. Sp\u00ed\u0161e se tedy hod\u00ed druh\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, toti\u017e \u017ee podn\u011bt\u016f je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161, nebo jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 siln\u00e9 a stereotypn\u00ed pohyby jsou snahou organismu uklidnit citliv\u00e9 a p\u0159edr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00e9 smysly. Proto se pozornost jedince zam\u011b\u0159\u00ed \u201edovnit\u0159“ na jednoduch\u00e9, rutinn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed, jako je t\u0159eba klep\u00e1n\u00ed hlavou. T\u00edm se sna\u017e\u00ed podn\u011bty zven\u010d\u00ed eliminovat.<\/p>\n

\"atik\"Podle n\u011bkolika laboratorn\u00edch v\u00fdsledk\u016f se p\u0159i stereotypn\u00edch pohybech zvy\u0161uje mno\u017estv\u00ed endorfin\u016f (endogenn\u00edch opi\u00e1t\u016f), co\u017e vyvol\u00e1v\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9 pocity. Pokud nen\u00ed nalezena jin\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina stereotypn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, p\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee i kdy\u017e na za\u010d\u00e1tku st\u00e1l konkr\u00e9tn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed d\u016fvod, nyn\u00ed se z n\u011bj stal zvyk, posilovan\u00fd pr\u00e1v\u011b uvol\u0148ov\u00e1n\u00edm endorfin\u016f.[2]<\/p>\n

Headshaking je \u010dasto zmi\u0148ov\u00e1n jako druh stereotypn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed, tak\u017ee by bylo snadn\u00e9 ho do t\u00e9to \u0161katulky pau\u0161\u00e1ln\u011b za\u0159adit, ale m\u00e1 to sv\u00e1 \u00faskal\u00ed. V souladu s ostatn\u00edmi stereotypiemi se i HS \u010dasto projevuje v podobn\u00fdch situac\u00edch a lze vystopovat ur\u010dit\u00e9 spou\u0161t\u011b\u010de. Jen\u017ee se ke klep\u00e1n\u00ed hlavou p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00ed i dal\u0161\u00ed projevy, jako je ot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nosu, sek\u00e1n\u00ed nohama a dal\u0161\u00ed. Kon\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed se ozna\u010duj\u00ed jako \u201eheadshake\u0159i“ se \u010dasto ve sv\u00fdch projevech velmi li\u0161\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako se li\u0161\u00ed p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny, kter\u00e9 se za t\u00edmto chov\u00e1n\u00edm skr\u00fdvaj\u00ed. Stereotypie je pouze jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jak se tedy projevuje k\u016f\u0148, u n\u011bho\u017e je pot\u0159\u00e1s\u00e1n\u00ed hlavou pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b stereotypn\u00edm chov\u00e1n\u00edm? V prvn\u00ed \u0159ad\u011b jsou pohyby stereotypn\u00ed, nem\u011bnn\u00e9. Nejedn\u00e1 se o zu\u0159iv\u00e9 m\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozsahu, nezhor\u0161uje se podle vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch okolnost\u00ed, nep\u0159id\u00e1v\u00e1 se snaha o ot\u00edr\u00e1n\u00ed nosu o p\u0159edm\u011bty nebo nohy ani vztekl\u00e9 m\u00e1ch\u00e1n\u00ed nohama. Je to sp\u00ed\u0161e st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9 pokyvov\u00e1n\u00ed, \u201etik\u00e1n\u00ed“ men\u0161\u00edho rozsahu, kdy \u00fa\u010delem zjevn\u011b nen\u00ed zbavit se nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9ho pocitu. Spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem neb\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u011bci, na kter\u00e9 jsou citliv\u00ed b\u011b\u017en\u00ed headshake\u0159i jako slune\u010dn\u00ed svit, poletov\u00e1n\u00ed pylu nebo hmyz, ale stres. K\u016f\u0148 takto m\u016f\u017ee reagovat na zkr\u00e1cen\u00ed ot\u011b\u017ee, p\u0159id\u00e1n\u00ed pr\u00e1ce, zm\u011bnu jezdce nebo t\u0159eba odchod druh\u00e9ho kon\u011b z j\u00edzd\u00e1rny. Jedn\u00e1-li se o stereotypn\u00ed chov\u00e1n\u00ed, m\u016f\u017ee se headshaking projevovat i v zim\u011b a pom\u016fcky, jako nap\u0159. nosn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ka, pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b nepomohou. Nejsp\u00ed\u0161e, pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1te do historie takov\u00e9ho kon\u011b, najdete tam minim\u00e1ln\u011b jednu epizodu, kdy byl na kon\u011b vyv\u00edjen velk\u00fd tlak, byl p\u0159et\u011b\u017eov\u00e1n nebo se s n\u00edm pracovalo nevhodn\u011b.<\/p>\n

D\u00e1v\u00e1te koni srozumiteln\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly?<\/h4>\n

Andrew McLean v jednom ze sv\u00fdch \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f zmi\u0148oval p\u0159\u00edpad kon\u011b, kter\u00fd trp\u011bl sebepo\u0161kozov\u00e1n\u00edm. A jin\u00e9ho, kter\u00fd ni\u010dil sv\u016fj box zu\u0159iv\u00fdm hrab\u00e1n\u00edm. V\u011bt\u0161ina majitel\u016f a jezdc\u016f by d\u016fvody takov\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed hledala pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b v managementu (kde tak\u00e9 nej\u010dast\u011bji b\u00fdvaj\u00ed). V t\u011bchto p\u0159\u00edpadech tomu ale bylo jinak. Tito kon\u011b t\u00edmto chov\u00e1n\u00edm ventilovali stres, kter\u00fd se v nich hromadil p\u0159i je\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed – jezdec d\u00e1val protich\u016fdn\u00e9 pob\u00eddky a k\u016f\u0148 nedok\u00e1zal spr\u00e1vn\u011b reagovat. Tento rozpor v n\u011bm vyvol\u00e1val velkou tenzi, lidov\u011b \u0159e\u010deno ho doh\u00e1n\u011bl k \u0161\u00edlenstv\u00ed. M\u00e1lokomu doch\u00e1z\u00ed, jak tyto \u201enespr\u00e1vn\u00e9 n\u00e1pov\u011bdy“ komplikuj\u00ed \u017eivot a komunikaci – p\u0159edstavte si, \u017ee by po v\u00e1s n\u011bkdo n\u011bco cht\u011bl, ale nedok\u00e1zal by \u0159\u00edct co a jen tah\u00e1n\u00edm a tlakem za r\u016fzn\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti va\u0161eho t\u011bla by v\u00e1s sm\u011broval. Pokud by po v\u00e1s cht\u011bl moc nebo to d\u011blal \u0161patn\u011b a vy byste nech\u00e1pali, p\u0159i\u0161el by trest. Proto\u017ee byste nev\u011bd\u011bli, co chce, nedok\u00e1zali byste mu p\u0159edej\u00edt, nedok\u00e1zali byste dokonce ani p\u0159edv\u00eddat, kdy trest p\u0159ijde. M\u00e9n\u011b senzitivn\u00ed kon\u011b p\u0159i podobn\u00e9m zach\u00e1zen\u00ed zkr\u00e1tka otup\u00ed, ale ti citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00ed to nesou velmi \u0161patn\u011b. Jsou stresov\u00e1ni, hromad\u00ed se v nich nap\u011bt\u00ed a m\u016f\u017ee vy\u00fastit vedle zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch extr\u00e9mn\u00edch p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f t\u0159eba pr\u00e1v\u011b v headshaking.<\/p>\n

Proto\u017ee stres je v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou a je nutn\u00e9 jej co nejv\u00edce eliminovat, vedle kon\u011b v\u011bnujte pozornost i sv\u00e9 mali\u010dkosti, zejm\u00e9na pom\u016fck\u00e1m, kter\u00e9 d\u00e1v\u00e1te. Ide\u00e1ln\u011b se nechte nato\u010dit na kameru a sledujte sv\u00e9 t\u011blo, ruce a nohy. Nel\u00edtaj\u00ed v\u00e1m holen\u011b, kdy\u017e d\u00e1v\u00e1te z\u00e1dr\u017e? Nebrzd\u00ed va\u0161e ruka, kdy\u017e pob\u00edz\u00edte? Nejste na koni ztuhl\u00ed, \u010d\u00edm\u017e mu znep\u0159\u00edjem\u0148ujete pohyb vp\u0159ed, p\u0159i\u010dem\u017e ho z\u00e1rove\u0148 vy\u017eadujete?<\/p>\n

M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou zp\u016fsobeno nepadnouc\u00edm sedlem nebo bolav\u00fdm h\u0159betem?<\/h4>\n

Pokud sedlo tla\u010d\u00ed koni do zad, a\u0165 ji\u017e proto, \u017ee je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u00fazk\u00e9 a sv\u00edr\u00e1 kohoutek ze stran, nebo je p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 \u0161irok\u00e9, a proto na n\u011bm le\u017e\u00ed shora (nebo dokonce na p\u00e1te\u0159i), jednou z mo\u017enost\u00ed, jak to k\u016f\u0148 m\u016f\u017ee d\u00e1t najevo, je i h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou. Nejedn\u00e1 se o klasick\u00fd headshaking, ale v ur\u010dit\u00e9 f\u00e1zi se m\u016f\u017ee projevovat podobn\u011b. Na rozd\u00edl od headshakingu, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9ho bolest\u00ed \u010di citlivost\u00ed hlavy, resp. n\u011bkter\u00e9 jej\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti, pokud bolest vych\u00e1z\u00ed ze zad, neb\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edtomna snaha o drb\u00e1n\u00ed hlavy a nosu, frk\u00e1n\u00ed a h\u00e1zen\u00ed je v\u011bt\u0161\u00edho rozsahu (h\u00fdbe se cel\u00fd krk). Nesouvis\u00ed s po\u010das\u00edm, denn\u00ed dobou ani ro\u010dn\u00edm obdob\u00edm. Zpravidla se stup\u0148uje s pohybem (nejhor\u0161\u00ed je ve cvalu a p\u0159i nacv\u00e1l\u00e1n\u00ed), ale nesouvis\u00ed a\u017e tak s t\u00edm, zda je k\u016f\u0148 zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00fd. Kon\u011b mohou bolet z\u00e1da i z jin\u00e9ho d\u016fvodu ne\u017e je nepadnouc\u00ed sedlo, proto kontrola zad by m\u011bla b\u00fdt jednou z prvn\u00edch p\u0159i v\u00fdskytu h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou.<\/p>\n

Jak pracovat s headshakerem?<\/h4>\n

U\u017e bylo uvedeno mnoho doporu\u010den\u00ed, t\u00fdkaj\u00edc\u00edch se managementu, v\u00fd\u017eivy a medikace. Proto se k t\u011bmto v\u011bcem nebudu vracet, ale omez\u00edm se pouze na pr\u00e1ci s takto posti\u017een\u00fdm kon\u011bm. Pokud m\u00e1 v\u00e1\u0161 k\u016f\u0148 idiopatick\u00fd headshaking, nezb\u00fdv\u00e1, ne\u017e se sm\u00ed\u0159it se situac\u00ed. Je smutn\u00e9, \u017ee HS postihuje nejv\u00edce kon\u011b talentovan\u00e9, citliv\u00e9 a tud\u00ed\u017e i dob\u0159e jezditeln\u00e9 a m\u016f\u017ee se objevit a\u017e n\u011bkolik let po obsednut\u00ed. \u010casto jako blesk z \u010dist\u00e9ho nebe. Je logick\u00e9, \u017ee \u010dlov\u011bk m\u00e1 tendenci se sna\u017eit vr\u00e1tit zp\u011bt ke stavu, jak\u00fd byl p\u0159ed objeven\u00edm HS, porovn\u00e1v\u00e1 s t\u00edmto stavem a chce zp\u00e1tky sv\u00e9ho \u201estar\u00e9ho“ kon\u011b. Zejm\u00e9na, pokud s n\u00edm pojil sportovn\u00ed ambice. Proto prvn\u00edm krokem je realisticky zhodnotit situaci a uv\u011bdomit si se v\u0161emi d\u016fsledky, \u017ee m\u00e1m kon\u011b ur\u010dit\u00fdm zp\u016fsobem posti\u017een\u00e9ho<\/strong>. \u017de lze situaci zlep\u0161it, ale s nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed nebude nikdy takov\u00fd, jak\u00fd byl, ne\u017e se HS objevil. Neexistuje \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 metoda, jak kon\u011b donutit, vychovat nebo p\u0159ijezdit tak, aby h\u00e1zet hlavou p\u0159estal.<\/p>\n

\"evita\"S t\u00edmto uv\u011bdom\u011bn\u00edm se poj\u00ed i v\u011bdom\u00ed, \u017ee u takov\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete v\u00edc ne\u017e u jin\u00e9ho plat\u00ed, \u017ee mus\u00edm b\u00fdt mnohem v\u00edc nalad\u011bn na vn\u00edm\u00e1n\u00ed jeho rozpolo\u017een\u00ed, aktu\u00e1ln\u00edho stavu a v\u0161e mu p\u0159izp\u016fsobit<\/strong>. \u010casem se v\u00e1m poda\u0159\u00ed s velkou pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed odhadovat, ve kter\u00fdch obdob\u00edch je nebo nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9 jezdit a t\u0159eba kon\u011b i trochu v\u00edc zat\u00ed\u017eit, ale v\u017edy to bude p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k\u016f\u0148, kter\u00fd toto bude ur\u010dovat. S headshakerem se pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b m\u016f\u017eete rozlou\u010dit s pl\u00e1nov\u00e1n\u00edm z\u00e1vodn\u00ed sez\u00f3ny dop\u0159edu.<\/p>\n

Nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed z\u00e1sadou je eliminace stresu<\/strong>. Bez ohledu na p\u0159\u00ed\u010diny HS u konkr\u00e9tn\u00edho zv\u00ed\u0159ete, stres symptomy prokazateln\u011b a n\u011bkdy velmi v\u00fdrazn\u011b zhor\u0161uje, v n\u011bkter\u00fdch p\u0159\u00edpadech stres b\u00fdv\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edmo spou\u0161t\u011b\u010dem. Dejte si pr\u00e1ci a zjist\u011bte, co va\u0161eho kon\u011b stresuje a, je-li to mo\u017en\u00e9, stresov\u00fdm situac\u00edm se vyh\u00fdbejte. Zat\u00edmco \u201ezdrav\u00e9ho“ kon\u011b lze na mnoho v\u011bc\u00ed \u201eotu\u017eovat“ a \u201eokouk\u00e1vat“, u headshakera bych se stresu sna\u017eila co nejv\u00edce vyh\u00fdbat. Jedn\u00edm z nej\u010dast\u011bj\u0161\u00edch stresor\u016f je pobyt bez kon\u00ed, by\u0165 i jen do\u010dasn\u00fd, odchod od kon\u00ed nebo odchod jin\u00e9ho kon\u011b z j\u00edzd\u00e1rny.<\/p>\n

Je\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a pr\u00e1ce s kon\u011bm mus\u00ed b\u00fdt v\u017edy v klidn\u00e9m duchu, k\u016f\u0148 by nem\u011bl b\u00fdt p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00fd<\/strong>. Pracujte sp\u00ed\u0161e aerobn\u011b, s dlouh\u00fdmi p\u0159est\u00e1vkami. Je prok\u00e1z\u00e1no, \u017ee headshaking se zhor\u0161uje, kdy\u017e se k\u016f\u0148 v\u00edc zah\u0159eje a nabud\u00ed. Je to logick\u00e9, proto\u017ee v tomto stavu se st\u00e1v\u00e1 citliv\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a reaktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm. Pokud je tedy headshaking zp\u016fsoben p\u0159ecitliv\u011blost\u00ed (a\u0165 u\u017e na cokoli), v tomto stavu se zhor\u0161uje. Je vhodn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed tedy pracovat sp\u00ed\u0161e d\u00e9le, ale v\u017edy, kdy\u017e k\u016f\u0148 za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1 b\u00fdt v\u00edce zah\u0159\u00e1t\u00fd, vr\u00e1tit se do pomalej\u0161\u00edho ruchu nebo za\u0159adit p\u0159est\u00e1vku.<\/p>\n

Nebojte se kon\u011b zchladit<\/strong>. Toto je my\u0161leno jak p\u0159enesen\u011b – prokl\u00e1dat je\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed klidnou prac\u00ed, tak doslovn\u011b. Kon\u011b s headshakingem zpravidla nejh\u016f\u0159 sn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00ed hork\u00e9, dusn\u00e9 dny a velmi jim pom\u016f\u017ee, pokud jsou v pr\u016fb\u011bhu pr\u00e1ce ochlazov\u00e1ni a\u0165 ji\u017e pobytem v chl\u00e1dku, nebo vodou. Pokud vodu, pak p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm na hlavu a krk. Osobn\u011b m\u00e1m vyzkou\u0161enou namo\u010denou u\u0161anku (stejn\u011b jako pro jezdce namo\u010denou k\u0161iltovku.:-) Voda ale nesm\u00ed voln\u011b odkap\u00e1vat, to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt zv\u00ed\u0159eti nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Rozumn\u011b experimentujte<\/strong>. Sna\u017ete se vypozorovat denn\u00ed dobu, kter\u00e1 va\u0161emu koni nejv\u00edc vyhovuje. M\u016f\u017ee to b\u00fdt brzy r\u00e1no, kdy l\u00e9t\u00e1 nejm\u00e9n\u011b hmyzu, nebo naopak ve\u010der, kdy nen\u00ed ostr\u00e9 sv\u011btlo, ale jsou i kon\u011b, kter\u00e9 pr\u00e1ce v tyto neobvykl\u00e9 hodiny stresuje. Stejn\u011b tak mus\u00edte i experimentovat s mno\u017estv\u00edm pr\u00e1ce, kter\u00e9 snese, s m\u00edstem, kde se mu dob\u0159e pracuje, i zp\u016fsobem, kter\u00fd mu nejv\u00edce vyhovuje. Pokud vid\u00edte, \u017ee mu n\u011bco nevyhovuje, nesna\u017ete se to \u201eprojezdit“, ale bu\u010fto zm\u011b\u0148te zp\u016fsob pr\u00e1ce, nebo pr\u00e1ci ukon\u010dete. Headshaking projezdit nelze!<\/p>\n

Jednou z v\u011bc\u00ed, kter\u00e1 \u010dasto ovliv\u0148uje m\u00edru h\u00e1zen\u00ed hlavou, je p\u0159ilnut\u00ed<\/strong>. Op\u011bt je to velmi individu\u00e1ln\u00ed, jsou kon\u011b, kte\u0159\u00ed propadaj\u00ed z\u00e1chvat\u016fm headshakingu, kdy\u017e je vezmete na ot\u011b\u017e, ale jsou naopak i tac\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed nejv\u00edce h\u00e1zej\u00ed na dlouh\u00e9 ot\u011b\u017ei. V ka\u017ed\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b je d\u00e9lka ot\u011b\u017e\u00ed jednou z v\u011bc\u00ed, se kterou se vyplat\u00ed trochu experimentovat.<\/p>\n

Zam\u011bstnejte kon\u011b<\/strong>. Zam\u011bstnat neznamen\u00e1, \u017ee mu nalo\u017e\u00edte pr\u00e1ci, \u201eaby ho p\u0159e\u0161la n\u00e1lada na hlouposti“, ale \u017ee se budete sna\u017eit zaujmout jeho pozornost a odv\u00e9st ji od nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00fdch podn\u011bt\u016f. Ne v\u017edy to jde, pokud jsou fyzick\u00e9 pocity siln\u011b nep\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e9, nepoda\u0159\u00ed se to, ale u ur\u010dit\u00e9 \u010d\u00e1sti headshaker\u016f \u010d\u00e1ste\u010dn\u011b pozornost odv\u00e9st lze. Myslete na to, \u017ee je pot\u0159eba zam\u011bstnat hlavn\u011b mysl kon\u011b, ne ho fyzicky unavit. Op\u011bt jsou ale i kon\u011b, kter\u00e9 po\u017eadavky stresuj\u00ed a nejklidn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed jsou na proch\u00e1zce na dlouh\u00e9 ot\u011b\u017ei.<\/p>\n

Zkuste bezudidlov\u00e9 u\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed a nosn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ku<\/strong>. Jak u\u017e bylo uvedeno v p\u0159edchoz\u00edm d\u00edle, za \u010dastou p\u0159\u00ed\u010dinu headshakingu se pova\u017euje dr\u00e1\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed trojklann\u00e9ho nervu.\u00a0Podle Cooka to je udidlo, kter\u00e9 nepat\u0159\u00ed do ko\u0148sk\u00e9 huby a tento nerv dr\u00e1\u017ed\u00ed. Ve sv\u00fdch prac\u00edch [3] opakovan\u011b uv\u00e1d\u00ed p\u0159\u00edpady kon\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed trp\u011bli headshakingem a p\u0159i p\u0159echodu na bezudidlov\u00e9 u\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed jejich symptomy vymizely.<\/p>\n

Co se t\u00fd\u010de nosn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ky, princip fungov\u00e1n\u00ed ji\u017e byl vysv\u011btlen. V n\u011bkolika v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00edch byla potvrzena jej\u00ed \u00fa\u010dinnost. Mills a kol. provedli srovn\u00e1n\u00ed \u00fasp\u011b\u0161nosti jednotliv\u00fdch zp\u016fsob\u016f \u201el\u00e9\u010dby“ headshakingu, mezi nimi\u017e byla vedle nosn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ky i s\u00ed\u0165ka na u\u0161i nebo maska na cel\u00fd obli\u010dej, homeopatie, jin\u00e9 alternativn\u00ed terapie, krmn\u00e9 dopl\u0148ky, fyzioterapeutick\u00e9 o\u0161et\u0159en\u00ed h\u0159betu kon\u011b i tradi\u010dn\u00ed veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed l\u00e9\u010dba. Nosn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ka zlep\u0161ila stav ve v\u00edce ne\u017e 60 % p\u0159\u00edpad\u016f u\u017eit\u00ed, co\u017e bylo nejv\u00edce ze v\u0161ech uveden\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed. Dal\u0161\u00ed v po\u0159ad\u00ed st\u00e1la obli\u010dejov\u00e1 maska (zlep\u0161en\u00ed u t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 50 %).[4] Co se nosn\u00ed s\u00ed\u0165ky t\u00fd\u010de, existuje bu\u010fto s\u00ed\u0165ka pouze p\u0159es vrchn\u00ed stranu nosu (polovi\u010dn\u00ed), nebo s\u00ed\u0165ka pln\u00e1, kdy m\u00e1 k\u016f\u0148 skrytou celou hubu. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee prvn\u00ed typ je nejen m\u00e9n\u011b n\u00e1padn\u00fd a esteti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, ale i \u00fa\u010dinn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. [5] Pokud ale m\u00e1te pocit, \u017ee by va\u0161emu koni mohla pomoci sp\u00ed\u0161e pln\u00e1 s\u00ed\u0165ka, potom nen\u00ed nic jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00edho, ne\u017e zkusit odst\u0159ihnutou nohavici star\u00fdch silonek.:-)<\/p>\n

\n

Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literatura:<\/h4>\n

[1] D.M. Broom, M. J. Kennedy: Stereotypies in horses: their relevance to welfare and causation. Equine Veterinary Education, Volume 5, Issue 3, p.151-154, June 1993<\/p>\n

[2] S. McDonnel: Normal and Abnormal Behavior of Stabled Horses. Alberta Horse Breeders and Owners Conference, 1998<\/p>\n

[3] ponejv\u00edce W.R. Cook: Bit induced pain. Pferdeheilkunde 19 (2003) 1 (Januar\/Februar).<\/p>\n

[4] D.S. Mills, S.Cook, B. Jones: Reported response to treatment among 245 cases of equine headshaking.<\/p>\n

[5] D.S. Mills, K. Taylor: Field study of the efficacy of three types of nose net for the treatment of headshaking in horses.<\/p>\n

Tento \u010dl\u00e1nek vy\u0161el na Equichannelu<\/a> v kv\u011btnu 2012.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

P\u0159esto\u017ee headshaking je p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm zdravotn\u00ed probl\u00e9m, velmi \u00fazce souvis\u00ed s psychikou. Veterin\u00e1rn\u00ed aspekty jsou obecn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9, tento \u010dl\u00e1nek je proto zam\u011b\u0159en p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm etologicky a zejm\u00e9na se zab\u00fdv\u00e1 souvislost\u00ed HS a stereotypn\u00edho chov\u00e1n\u00ed. V\u011bnuje se i nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00edm z\u00e1sad\u00e1m je\u017ed\u011bn\u00ed kon\u011b headshakera.<\/p>\n

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